Autoclave

Uses pressurized saturated steam (typically 121°C and 15 psi) to sterilize media, glassware, and biohazardous waste, ensuring the complete destruction of microorganisms.

High-speed Centrifuge

Rotates samples at high speeds (often > 20,000 RPM) to separate components based on density, used for pelleting cells, purifying organelles, and concentrating samples.

Oven

Used for dry-heat sterilization of glassware or for drying samples. Suitable for items that must remain dry, requiring higher temperatures and longer exposure times.

Shaking Incubator

Provides controlled temperature and agitation for the growth and maintenance of cell or microbial cultures, ensuring uniform mixing and optimal growth conditions.

CO₂ Incubator

Maintains a constant temperature (typically 37°C) and CO₂ concentration (typically 5%) to provide optimal conditions for cell growth and maintain a stable pH in the culture media.

Refrigerator / Freezer

Used for the storage of reagents, media, and biological samples at controlled low temperatures to preserve their stability and integrity.

-80°C Freezer (Ultra-Low Temperature)

Used for long-term cryopreservation of cell lines, DNA/RNA, enzymes, and other sensitive biological samples.